jenik



4 Sheets- Sheet 1.

(No Model.)

VP. J ENIK. MACHINE' PoR RBPINING BELTS.

Patented Mar. `31, 1896.

29th/wow@ @19a rNo Model.) P JENIK ,.4 sheets-sheet 2. MACHINE FOR RBFINING PBLTS.

.Patented Mar. 31, 1896.

wth/mow@ @@M@ M2M (No Model.) Sheets-Sheet 3 P. JENIK.

YMACHINE FOR REFINING PELTS.- No. 557,129. Patented Mar. 31, 189,6.

A(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 4.

l P. JENIK. MACHINE POR RBFINING PELTS.

No. 557,129 v Patented Mar. 31,1896. l

/lv Arme/ver.'

AUNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

PHILIP JENIK, OF NEV YORK., N. Y.

MACHINE FOR REFINING PELTS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 557,129, dated March 31, 1896.

Application filed December 22, 1894. Serial No. 532,689. (No model.)`

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, PHILIP JENIK, a subject of the Emperor of Austria-Hungary, and a resident of New York, county and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Machines for Refining Pelts, of which improvements the following is a clear, full, and exact specification.

My invention relates to contrivances for refining pelts; and it consists of a machine forcombing, brushing, and equalizing the fur and for removing all coarse hair and impurities from the pelt.

In the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specification, Figure l is a side elevation of my improved pelt-reflning machine. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section on line 2 2, indicated in Fig. 3. Fig. is a top view of the machine, part of the hood covering the brush being removed. Fig. 4 is a side elevation opposite of that of Fig. l. Fig. 5 is an enlarged detail view showing comb, brush, and singeing-blade in position ready to operate on the pelts. Fig. 6 represents the same parts in moment of operation. Figs. 7 and 8 are enlarged details showing the composition of the singeing-blade and the manner in Whichits composite parts are connected in electric circuit. Fig. 9 is a top view supplementing Fig. 3 and showing enlarged detailsof construction. Fig. l0 is a vertical section through the exhauster, showing the multiplying-gear for driving the same. Fig. ll is a cross-section through the Bunsen burners employed to heat the singeing-blade. Fig. l2 is an enlarged detail, supplementing Fig. 5, showing the operating parts of my peltfrefining machine.

Similar letters of reference indicate correspondin g parts.

The parts of my improved pelt-renin g machine are arranged in the iron frame A as follows:

, On the driving-shaft a are set the driven pulley b, driving-pulley c, and cog-wheel d, this latter transmitting the motion to pinion e set on shaft f, located above shaft a. On this shaft f eccentric g is set, connected by rod 7i to the stay-rod fi of the rocking frame B and moving it to and fro. This rocking frame B glides on roller k and with its slotted arms B on shaft f, thus giving an even horizontal motion to arms Z, adj ustably attached to the frame and carrying the singeing-blade m composed of a strip of platinum mounted on iron bar em and heated by a row of Bunsen burners pb arranged below it, as shown in Figs. 9 and l2. These Bunsen burners are stationary, though adjustably located underneath the iron bar em, so that while frame B is moved to and fro the iiames of the burners will constantly touch against the iron bar em. The iron bar cm is employed for the purpose of increasing the volume of the heated mass and to prevent overheating of the singeing-blade fm.

For protection of the fur against possible damage from the Bunsen burners, and to prevent heating of the comb K, shield bs, made of sheet metal and lined with asbestos, is provided along the row of burners pb, as shown in Fig. 1l. The singeing-blade m may also be heated by electric current, and for this purpose the blade is preferably composed of silver and platinum alloy and mounted on a bar of copper, an electric-current conductor being connected on one side of the machine to the blade m and on the other to the supporting copper bar cm. Silver and platinum alloy resist strongly the passage of electric current, whereas copper is electrically conductive in a very high degree, and therefore the combination lof these metals in the construction of the singeing-blade produces a highly effective Inedium for transformation of electric energy into heat. This combina tion is made effective by the arrangement of the connections, as stated above and shown in Fig. 7. The electric current is forcibly accumulated in the singeing-lolade, resisting its passage, and thus the electric energy concentrated in the blade is converted into heat.

On top of frame A, rotating brush C, consisting of six rows of bristles set on the axis and clipped into circular line, is pillowed in bearings capable of vertical and horizontal adjustment, whereby brush C may be brought nearer to or moved farther from the edge of bar p. The vertical adjustment is made by set-screws sn, supporting the bearings, the horizontal by moving the L-shaped standards n, provided with slots pn, upon frame A. They are secured to frame A by bolts bn passing through slots pn.

IOO

Brush C is rotated by a belt from pulley c, transmitting the motion to pulley o set on the axis of the brush. Over this brush C a sheetiron hood D is arranged and connected to exhauster E, exhausting the impurities brushed out from the pelts, the singed-off water-hairs, and the fumes produced in the process of reiining.

The exhauster is driven from the axis o of the brush C by a multiplying-gear. (Shown in Figs. 9 and l0.) Hollow stud ad, east in one piece with wheel ab and provided with a bushing ac of some antifriction metal, is slid on shaft o, and collar ad, carrying vanes de of the blower, is keyed to it. Cog-wheel a f is keyed to shaft o. This cog-wheel drives wheel bf, keyed on spindle Zio, together with cog-wheel hl), driving in turn wheel ab. Spindle bo is pillowed in bearing bg supported on shaft o and in bearing bg2 provided on the hull of the blower. Collar o holds the multiplying-gear in place on the shaft.

A bevel-edged bar p, sliding up and down between the flanges q and q', is operated by adjustable toggle-joints r and i" from the .rocking frame B. A canvas apron s, fastened on the roller '11, passes between the rollers t and t2 and over bar p. This apron s is stretched before the bar by weights Ir attached to it by piercing-hooks e, and on the other side by the pressure-rollers i. and i2. NVeights w, suspended on the axis of the roller t' and pressing it on the roller f2, may be lifted by the oscillating lever at, whose one arm is connected to the treadle vy and the other to the hooks Iw' carrying the weights w.

A friction-disk n. is set on the axis of the roller "11., pressing against the belt from pulley c to pulley o. The friction of the belt against this disk strives, to revolve it and thus keeps the canvas apron s stretched from the rollers t and 2 to the roller il, winding it upon roller u as it is moved forward by the rollers t and t2.

Ratchet-wheel F set on the axis of the roller 2 is revolved by pawl Z attached to lever z and operated from the rod G connected to disk II set on shaft f. The stroke of the rod G is regulated by setting the slider I (fitted into the dovetail groove Il) nearer to or farther from the center of the disk, and also the connection between the rod G and lever a, whichis effected by a fianged pin fastened in the slot of the lever z by a screwnut and stuck in one of the holes provided in the rod G, where it is fastened by a cross-pin. Ratchet z2 stops the backward motion of the roller t2, and by adjusting the stroke of the rod G and its connection with the lever z the revolving motion of the rollers t and 2 is regulated to correspond with the motion of the apron s over the bar p.

A comb K is provided with transverse slots ks (shown in Figs. 3 and 9) and secured to bar K by thumb-screws KS2, passing through slots los into bar K'. Slots ks permit setting of comb K nearer to or farther from bar p, ac-

cording to what kind of pelts are to be operated upon.

The pelts are fastened successively on the movable apron s in front of the bar p and below the comb K. Then the arms Z, carrying blade in., comb K, and brush C, are set according to the thickness of the fur, and when the blade m is sufficiently heated the operations may be started. The motion of the rocking frame B is so timed that on each lift of the bar p a successive strip of pelt is pulled through the teeth of the comb K and the coarse and stiff hairs singed off by the blade m approaching the pelts each time exactly when one of the six .rows of bristles of the brush C has passed over and brushed away the fur from the edge of the bar p, and the gap, following it, allows the stif hairs to rise. This operation is continued until the whole streak of pelts fastened to the apron s has been passed through the comb K, the rollers t t2 intermittently moving the apron with the refined pelts toward the roller u, upon which they are wound. Then all the pelts have been operated upon, the machine is stopped, the operator presses on treadle y, thus lifting the weights on the roller t', and the apron with the pelts is drawn back and the pelts removed from it.

My improved pelt-refining machine will not only remove water-hairs from sealskins, but also all coarse hair from other pelts, equalizing the fur and cleaning it from all impurities. The lifting of the bar p stretches the pelts on the edge just at the moment when the singeing-blade approaches, thus facilitating the stiif or coarse hairs being removed close to the skin, the woolly covering being protected on the bevel by the brush and on the other side by the comb K, which, being adjustable, can be set as near to the bar p as to keep even a very short fur below the edge.

I am aware that a number of machines for this purpose exist, wherein some parts similar to those used in my machine are employed; but a careful and thorough examination will disclose that my machine comprises not only new combinations of such parts, but also new parts not heretofore used and improvements of parts previously known, whereby their eficiency for the work is greatly increased.

I therefore claim upon this specification and desire to secure by Letters Patentl. In a pelt-refining machine, the combination of a driving-shaft, a, a shaft, f, driven therefrom, a vertically-reciprocating beveledged transverse bar, an apron to which the pelts are attached passing over said bar, a pair of rollers for moving said apron,aratchet wheel on the shaft of the lower roller, a pawl for operating the ratchet-wheel, connections between the shaft f and the pawl for actuating the latter, means for pressing the upper roller against the lower, a rocking frame, arms adjustably secured thereto, a singeingblade carried by said arms, means for heating said blade, a roller for supporting the IIO rocking frame, an eccentric on shaft f, connections between the eccentric and the rocking frame, whereby the latter is actuated and a toggle connecting the rocking frame and the transverse bar to project the latter upward simultaneously with the intermittent movement of the singeing-blade thereby facilitating the action of said blade.

2. In a pelt-reiining machine, the combination of a driving-shaft a,a shaft f driven therefrom, a bevel-edged transverse bar, an apron to which the pelts are secured passing over said bar, and being moved forward intermittently by the pull of the rollers, a pair of rollers for moving said apron, a ratchet-wheel on the shaft of the lower roller, a pawl for operating the ratchet-wheel, connections between shaft f and the pawl for actuating the latter, means for pressing the upper roller against the lower, a rocking frame arms adjustably secured thereto a singeing-blade oarried by said arms, means for moving said singeing-blade toward the transverse bar concurrently with the upward movement of the latter, means for heating said blade and conning the heat to the blade, a roller for supporting the rocking frame, an eccentric on shaft f and connections between shaft and rocking frame whereby the latter is actuated.

3. In a pelt-reiining machine, the combination of a driving-shaft a, a shaft f driven therefrom, a bevel-edged transverse bar, a rotary brush having separately-arranged longitudinal rows of bristles radiating therefrom, which are successively drawn over the end of the transverse bar means for actuating said brush, an eXhauster provided with a fan, gearing between the axis of the brush and the fan, the hood covering the rotary brush and communicating with the exhauster, an apron to which the pelts are secured, passing over said transverse bar, a pair of rollers for moving said apron, a ratchet-wheel on the shaft of the lower roller, a pawl for operating the ratchet-wheel, connections between shaft f and the pawl for actuating the latter, means for pressing the upper roller against the lower, a rocking frame, arms adj nstably secured thereto,a singeing-blade carried by said arms and means for moving said blade toward the transverse bar during the interval between the action of said rows of bristles, means for heating said blade, a roller for supporting the rocking frame, any eccentric on shaft f and the rocking frame whereby the latter is actuated.

4. In a pelt-refining machine, the combination of a dri ving-shaft a, a shaft f driven therefrom, a bevel-edged transverse bar, a comb having transverse slots, a supportingbar with corresponding screw-holes therein and thumb-screws passing through said holes and slots to retain the comb in any desired position, an apron to which the pelts are secured, passing over said bar, apair of rollers for moving said apron, a ratchet-wheel on the shaft of the lower roller, a pawl for operating the ratchet-wheel, connections. between the shaft f and the pawl for actuating the latter, means for pressing the upper roller against the lower, a rocking frame having upwardlyprojecting arms a singeing-blade adjustably attached to said arms, means for heating said blade, an eccentric on shaft f and connections between the eccentric and the rocking frame, whereby the latter is actuated.

5. In a pelt-reining machine, the combination of two rollers,a bevel-edged bar, an apron passing between said rollers and over said bar, means for stretching the apron over said bar, means for pressing said rollers upon the apron, and a lever and treadle connection for releasing the apron when the treadle is operated.

6. In a pelt-refining machine, the combination with a bevel-edged transverse bar, an

apron, a comb, a singeing-blade, a rocking frame carrying the blade to and from the bar, a rotary brush and rollers drawing the apron over the bevel-edged bar, a winding-roller, a friction-disk set on the axis of said roller and rigidly secured thereto,and a power-transmitting belt pressing against the disk and revolving it by friction, whereby the apron, fed by the weighted rollers is wound upon the winding-roller and kept stretched.

PHILIP J ENIK. lVitnesses WALTER F. WOLF, I-I. E. THORNE. 

